{
  "443": {
    "_id": "dialface-443",
    "_rev": "2-16ce1e14d99a89c51fb9c0a1de4814a7",
    "id": 443,
    "type": "dialface",
    "thumb_baseurl": null,
    "metadata": {
      "General Information": {
        "DOI": "10.17171/1-1-3890",
        "Title": "Dialface ID 443",
        "Creator": "Berlin Sundial Collaboration",
        "Publisher": "Edition Topoi",
        "Publication Year": "2014",
        "Subtitle": "Vulci",
        "Description": "Information on the Dialface ID 443 / Object ID 403"
      },
      "Technical characteristics": {
        "Collection": "Ancient Sundials",
        "Contributor Name": "Gerd Graßhoff, Elisabeth Rinner",
        "Contributor Type": "Editor",
        "Resource Type": "Dataset",
        "Date (Update)": "2014"
      },
      "Specific attributes": {
        "Origin / Holder object": "Museo Nazionale Archeologico di Vulci al Castello dalla Badia",
        "Inventory Number": "",
        "Holder digital source": "Exzellenzcluster 264 – Topoi"
      },
      "Conditions for use": {
        "Rights": "Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 3.0 DE"
      },
      "Annotations": {
        "Subjects": "History of Science, Archaeology",
        "Version": "1"
      },
      "References": [
        {
          "type": "article",
          "id": "Catamo2000",
          "citekey": "Catamo2000",
          "collection": "repository",
          "title": "Fifteen Further Greco-Roman Sundials from the Mediteranean Area and Sudan",
          "year": "2000",
          "author": [
            {
              "name": "Catamo, Mario"
            },
            {
              "name": "Lanciano, N."
            },
            {
              "name": "Locher, K."
            },
            {
              "name": "Lombadero, M."
            },
            {
              "name": "Valdes, M."
            }
          ],
          "journal": {
            "name": "Journal For The History of Astronomy",
            "volume": "XXXI",
            "pages": "203--221"
          },
          "pages": "p. 207 f."
        }
      ]
    },
    "origin_entry_num": 388,
    "holder_id": "ItalyVulci",
    "scis": {},
    "material_id": 12,
    "references_citations": [
      "\\cite{Catamo2000}, p. 207 f."
    ],
    "version_date": "20140917",
    "dating_str": "unknown",
    "site_filter_key": "italy/vulci",
    "holder_filter_key": "italy/vulci",
    "version_num": 1,
    "obj_descr": "Although made of travertine, a stone that by nature is porous, it is reasonably well conserved, apart from having both upper corners broken. The seating for the gnomon, a rectangular incision of 30 x 15 x 5 mm, is still visible (see figure), as are the solstice curves, the equinox curve, and eleven hour lines. The workmanship is rather rough and the block is not squared well. The edge of the upper horizontal face would seem to be a circle, although the dimensions available do not provide enough evidence for us to be sure of this. However, the noon hour line, which is a generator of the cone, is perfectly straight.",
    "site_id": "ItalyVulci",
    "material_filter_key": "travertine",
    "type_filter_key": "cone/conical",
    "dating_filter_key": [
      "not_dated"
    ],
    "obj_id": 403,
    "type_id": 4,
    "df_descr": "The seating for the gnomon, a rectangular incision of 30 x 15 x 5 mm, is still visible (see figure), as are the solstice curves, the equinox curve, and eleven hour lines. The workmanship is rather rough and the block is not squared well. The edge of the upper horizontal face would seem to be a circle, although the dimensions available do not provide enough evidence for us to be sure of this. However, the noon hour line, which is a generator of the cone, is perfectly straight.  It has one anomalous feature for a conical sundial: the distance on the noon hour line between the winter solstice curve and the equinox curve is equal to the distance between the latter and the summer solstice curve. This precludes the mathematical calculation of the angle between the axis of the cone and the noon hour line, which is a generator of the cone, and it is therefore impossible to calculate the intended latitude. The angle between the oblique front of the dial and the rear vertical plane is about 40°, not very different from the latitude of Vulci, which is nearly 42°. The hour lines divide the solstice and equinox curves at points that are only approximately equidistant. To calculate the intended latitude with the other usual methods  the average values of these arcs can be used, giving about 66° from each solstice curve, very different from the true latitude of  Vulci. The presumably arbitrary positions of the hour lines seem to support the thesis of Hüttig, according to which the day curves of conical sundials were often traced as auxiliary elements, divided into twelve equal intervals and uniting the corresponding points with straight arcs, in order to obtain the hour lines and not to represent the real solstice and equinox curves. The conclusion is that the conical sundial from Vulci was not built with great precision.",
    "references_bibliography": [
      "\\cite{Catamo2000}"
    ],
    "gibbs_number": "",
    "inventory_num": "",
    "thumb_file": null,
    "hierarchy_entries": [],
    "doi": "10.17171/1-1-3890",
    "holder": {
      "id": "ItalyVulci",
      "longitude": 11.627,
      "department": null,
      "institution": "Museo Nazionale Archeologico di Vulci al Castello dalla Badia",
      "country": "Italy",
      "filter_key": "italy/vulci",
      "city": "Vulci",
      "name": "Museo Nazionale Archeologico di Vulci al Castello dalla Badia",
      "latitude": 42.424
    },
    "material": {
      "id": 12,
      "category": "Travertine",
      "subcategory": null,
      "filter_key": "travertine"
    },
    "site": {
      "id": "ItalyVulci",
      "country": "Italy",
      "filter_key": "italy/vulci",
      "latitude": 42.419,
      "longitude": 11.63,
      "city": "Vulci",
      "name": "Vulci, Italy"
    },
    "type_obj": {
      "id": 4,
      "category": "Cone",
      "subcategory": "Conical",
      "filter_key": "cone/conical"
    },
    "resources": []
  }
}