{
  "279": {
    "_id": "dialface-279",
    "_rev": "2-000e63c939147a91af6a016cd1b4aa93",
    "id": 279,
    "type": "dialface",
    "thumb_baseurl": null,
    "metadata": {
      "General Information": {
        "DOI": "10.17171/1-1-3037",
        "Title": "Dialface ID 279",
        "Creator": "Berlin Sundial Collaboration",
        "Publisher": "Edition Topoi",
        "Publication Year": "2014",
        "Subtitle": "Constanța, Inv. Nr. 1657",
        "Description": "Information on the Dialface ID 279 / Object ID 267"
      },
      "Technical characteristics": {
        "Collection": "Ancient Sundials",
        "Contributor Name": "Gerd Graßhoff, Elisabeth Rinner",
        "Contributor Type": "Editor",
        "Resource Type": "Dataset",
        "Date (Update)": "2014"
      },
      "Specific attributes": {
        "Origin / Holder object": "Archaeological Museum",
        "Inventory Number": "1657",
        "Holder digital source": "Exzellenzcluster 264 – Topoi"
      },
      "Conditions for use": {
        "Rights": "Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 3.0 DE"
      },
      "Annotations": {
        "Subjects": "History of Science, Archaeology",
        "Version": "1"
      },
      "References": [
        {
          "type": "book",
          "id": "Bordenache1969",
          "citekey": "Bordenache1969",
          "collection": "repository",
          "title": "Römer in Rumänien: Katalog einer Ausstellung des Römisch-Germanischen Museums Köln und des Historischen Museums Cluj, Kunsthalle Köln, 12. Febr. Bis 18. Mai 1969",
          "address": "Cologne",
          "year": "1969",
          "author": [
            {
              "name": "Bordenache, Gabriella"
            },
            {
              "name": "Doppelfeld, Otto"
            }
          ],
          "publisher": "Römisch-Germanisches Museum",
          "publisher-place": "Cologne",
          "pages": "p. 247"
        },
        {
          "type": "incollection",
          "id": "Comanescu1963",
          "citekey": "Comanescu1963",
          "collection": "repository",
          "title": "Déchiffrement et interprétation du cadran solaire du Cumpana (Dobrudza)",
          "year": "1963",
          "booktitle": "Acta Antiqua Philippopolitana",
          "pages": "181--184",
          "address": "Serdica",
          "author": [
            {
              "name": "Comănescu, Sylviu"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "type": "book",
          "id": "Gibbs1976",
          "citekey": "Gibbs1976",
          "collection": "repository",
          "title": "Greek and Roman Sundials",
          "address": "New Haven and London",
          "year": "1976",
          "author": [
            {
              "name": "Gibbs, Sharon L."
            }
          ],
          "publisher": "Yale University Press",
          "publisher-place": "New Haven and London",
          "pages": "p. 371."
        },
        {
          "type": "article",
          "id": "Ionescu-Carligel1969",
          "citekey": "Ionescu-Carligel1969",
          "collection": "repository",
          "title": "Cadrane Solare Grecesti si Romane in Dobrogea",
          "year": "1969",
          "author": [
            {
              "name": "Ionescu-Carligel, Constantine"
            }
          ],
          "journal": {
            "name": "Pontice",
            "volume": "2",
            "pages": "199--208"
          },
          "pages": "p. 199 ff (photograph)."
        },
        {
          "type": "book",
          "id": "Severino2003",
          "citekey": "Severino2003",
          "collection": "repository",
          "title": "De Monumentis Gnomonicis apud graecos et romanos. Le meridiane greco-romane. La storia, il catalogo, gli articoli",
          "address": "Roccasecca",
          "year": "2003",
          "author": [
            {
              "name": "Severino, Nicola"
            }
          ],
          "pages": "p. 81."
        },
        {
          "type": "book",
          "id": "Covacef2011",
          "citekey": "Covacef2011",
          "collection": "repository",
          "title": "Ancient sculpture in the permanent exhibition of the Museum of National History and Archaeology Constanta",
          "address": "Constanta",
          "year": "2011",
          "author": [
            {
              "name": "Covacef, Zaharia"
            }
          ],
          "pages": "p. 238, no. 112."
        },
        {
          "type": "article",
          "id": "Feraru2008",
          "citekey": "Feraru2008",
          "collection": "repository",
          "title": "Nouvelles contributions à l'étude des cadrans solaires découverts dans les cités grecques de Dobroudja",
          "year": "2008",
          "author": [
            {
              "name": "Feraru, Renius Mihai"
            }
          ],
          "journal": {
            "number": "2",
            "name": "Dialogues d'histoire ancienne",
            "volume": "34",
            "pages": "65--80"
          }
        },
        {
          "type": "book",
          "id": "Winter2013",
          "citekey": "Winter2013",
          "collection": "repository",
          "title": "Zeitzeichen. Zur Entwicklung und Verwendung antiker Zeitmesser",
          "address": "Berlin and Boston",
          "year": "2013",
          "series": "Urban Spaces",
          "author": [
            {
              "name": "Winter, Eva"
            }
          ],
          "editor": [
            {
              "name": "Muth, Susanne"
            },
            {
              "name": "Trimble, Jennifer"
            },
            {
              "name": "Wulf-Rheidt, Ulrike"
            }
          ],
          "pages": "584."
        },
        {
          "type": "book",
          "id": "Bonnin2015",
          "citekey": "Bonnin2015",
          "collection": "repository",
          "title": "La Mesure du temps dans l'Antiquité",
          "address": "Paris",
          "year": "2015",
          "author": [
            {
              "name": "Bonnin, Jérôme"
            }
          ],
          "pages": "A 474."
        }
      ]
    },
    "origin_entry_num": 265,
    "holder_id": "RomaniaConstanța",
    "scis": {},
    "material_id": 9,
    "references_citations": [
      "\\cite{Bordenache1969}, p. 247; pl.32.",
      "\\cite{Comanescu1963}.",
      "\\cite{Gibbs1976}, p. 371.",
      "\\cite{Ionescu-Carligel1969}, p. 199 ff (photograph).",
      "\\cite{Severino2003}, p. 81.",
      "\\cite{Covacef2011}, p. 238, no. 112.",
      "\\cite{Feraru2008}.",
      "\\cite{Winter2013}, 584.",
      "\\cite{Bonnin2015}. A 474."
    ],
    "version_date": "20140917",
    "dating_str": "2nd cent. CE",
    "site_filter_key": "unknown",
    "holder_filter_key": "romania/constan_a",
    "version_num": 1,
    "obj_descr": "Some lead remains in the gnomon hole in the top surface of this dial. The shadow-receiving surface of this dial is supported by a bull´s head and horns. The rounded back of the dial has the  tshape of a “feminine idol from the early bronze age.” Eleven hour lines radiate from the gnomon hole across two engraved day curves tohe lower edge. The dial´s top surface slopes downward about 15 from horizontal. In making my calculations I have assumed that the summer solstice coincides with the lower edge of the cylindrical surface. Ionescu-Carligel assumes that the two engraved day curves are summer solstice and equinox. He obtains g= 166.7 mm, \\phi = 44.7.   Bordenache: Auf einem massiven, breitstirnigen, schön stilisierten Stierkopf eine halbkreisförmige, konkave Sonnenuhr mit radialer und kreisbogenförmiger Unterteilung, die zur Stundenangabe diente. Trotz der oberen Beschädigung ist noch die Stelle zu erkennen, wo der Stab befestigt war, der den Schatten warf.",
    "site_id": 0,
    "material_filter_key": "marble/white",
    "type_filter_key": "cylinder/cylindrical",
    "dating_filter_key": [
      "3rd_ce",
      "2nd_ce"
    ],
    "obj_id": 267,
    "type_id": 29,
    "df_descr": "Some lead remains in the gnomon hole in the top surface of this dial. The shadow-receiving surface of this dial is supported by a bull´s head and horns. The rounded back of the dial has the shape of a “feminine idol from the early bronze age.”  Eleven hour lines radiate from the gnomon hole across two engraved day curves to the lower edge. The dial´s top surface slopes downward about 15 from horizontal. In making my calculations I have assumed that the summer solstice coincides with the lower edge of the cylindrical surface. Ionescu-Carligel assumes that the two engraved day curves are summer solstice and equinox. He obtains g= 166.7 mm, \\phi = 44.7.",
    "references_bibliography": [
      "\\cite{Bordenache1969}",
      "\\cite{Bodenacher1969}",
      "\\cite{Comanescu1963}",
      "\\cite{Gibbs1976}",
      "\\cite{Ionescu-Carligel1969}",
      "\\cite{Ionescu-Carligel1970}",
      "\\cite{Severino2003}",
      "\\cite{Covacef2011}.",
      "\\cite{Feraru2008}",
      "\\cite{Winter2013}",
      "\\cite{Bonnin2015}"
    ],
    "gibbs_number": "6002G",
    "inventory_num": "1657",
    "thumb_file": null,
    "hierarchy_entries": [],
    "doi": "10.17171/1-1-3037",
    "holder": {
      "id": "RomaniaConstanța",
      "longitude": 28.6582,
      "department": null,
      "institution": "Archaeological Museum",
      "country": "Romania",
      "filter_key": "romania/constan_a",
      "city": "Constanța",
      "name": "Archaeological Museum",
      "latitude": 44.1739
    },
    "material": {
      "id": 9,
      "category": "Marble",
      "subcategory": "White",
      "filter_key": "marble/white"
    },
    "site": {
      "id": 0,
      "country": "Unknown",
      "filter_key": "unknown",
      "latitude": null,
      "longitude": null,
      "city": "Unknown",
      "name": "Unknown, Unknown"
    },
    "type_obj": {
      "id": 29,
      "category": "Cylinder",
      "subcategory": "Cylindrical",
      "filter_key": "cylinder/cylindrical"
    },
    "resources": []
  }
}